REAL-SAHARA-WATCH

Exclusive: Khadija Hamdi at the heart of humanitarian aid misappropriation

2011-11-21T10:15:00.000-08:00

The impetuous wife of the Polisario Front Secretary General, Khadija Hamdi, adds a new scandal to her already well pithy honors list.

In fact, according to some sources close to the Guerrila movement, the Polisario Front Secretary General, Mohamed Abdelaziz flew into a “homeric” anger while knowing that the name of his wife khadija as well as his defense Minister were on a CD-ROM widespread in Tindouf camps, few weeks before the holding of the movement congress. The concerned CD-ROM reveals the involvement of Khadija Hamdi and Mohamed Lamine El Bouhali, respectively Minister of Culture and Defense in the SADR government, in affairs of misappropriation of phenomenal sums of money generated from humanitarian aids and foreign donations.

The DR-ROM lists accounts and sums of money as well as copies scanned to justify the afore-mentioned. Contacted by phone, a fluent member from the R’guibate tribe in Tindouf camps, has specified that the old Abdelaziz became very furious as soon as he has seen a copy of the CD. He immediately called for an urgent meeting with his men in charge of security services. He ordered them to start two investigations at the same time: one to “verify” with no hurry, we never know, if the allegations against his wife and his Defense Minister are true and the other one to discover and arrest all those who are behind the idea of diffusing such a CD-ROM which calls also the population in the camps to sit-in and demonstrations. According to the same source, the CD-ROM was conceived and distributed in Tindouf camps by new militants from the League of supporters of autonomy in the Moroccan Sahara in Tindouf.

The CD-ROM speaks of important sums of money asked for on behalf of the Sahrawi populations to foreign institutions before being directly paid into personal accounts of Khadija, daughter of the deputy and president of the municipal council of Tindouf city, the Algerian Hadj Hamdi. The CD denounces also the senior corrupted Polisario leaders who have become rich through the misappropriation of international aids and funds which they receive as donations either by checks or cash, from NGOs and foreign associations who want to help the penniless part of the population of Sahrawi refugees.

Moreover, what has increased further the anger of Mohamed Abdelaziz, is the sit-in that hundreds of young Sahrawis have organized last week in front of his general headquarters in Rabouni, hoisting the Moroccan flags. The chief of the Front, suffering from a mysterious disease, has considered this action as an insult which he can not accept, while he is preparing for a new mandate at the head of the Sahrawi Republic and the Polisario Front. The 13th Congress of the Polisario Front, many times postponed, should take place in the second half of the coming December, to elect the new leadership. Mohamed Abdelaziz has ordered his armed militia to use all their means to subdue any attempt of rebellion or demonstration with a political aspect, in Tindouf camps.

Libyan Plan

2011-10-30T14:37:00.001-07:00

We don’t have to go into complex philosophical theories that could lead us to more questions than answers to understand the steps or the scenario that was planned exclusively for Libya.

The Target was gaddafi, EVERYTHING was put in place to bring him down no matter how. These are some pieces of the big puzzle for after Gaddafi removal: finding a common ground to bring all fighters together.

Let’s see how step by step:

1- ISLAM as law 'Charia' and way of ruling: no one can go against this strategic choice because it will be simply a political suicide.

2- Preparing the ground to a wide civil reconciliation.

3- Stopping all foreign military intervention in Libya.

4- Cleaning up the ground of all risky lords of war by bringing them to international court for crimes against human rights.

5- NATO doesn’t discard returning to Libya if needed.

We can clearly appreciate many signs proving the execution of a well-studied plan, to avoid another Iraq, this quick approach avoid extensive explanation, because I guess that the readers are well informed about this issue.

El Departamento de Estado americano felicita a Marruecos por sus avances en los DDHH

2009-02-27T04:10:00.000-08:00

Escrito por MAP
viernes, 27 de febrero de 2009
En su declaración sobre la Edición 2008 del informe del Departamento de Estado americano sobre los derechos humanos en Marruecos, publicado el pasado miércoles en Washington, Robert Jackson, encargado de negocios interino ante la embajada de Estados Unidos en Rabat, se dijo "firmemente convencido de que Marruecos está en la vía de la reforma y el respeto de los derechos humanos".
El informe de 2008 describe "los avances" en este ámbito a lo largo de este año que coincide con el 60° aniversario de la firma de la Declaración Universal de los derechos humanos.El informe cita también los esfuerzos emprendidos por el Reino de Marruecos para mejorar las prisiones, luchar contra el trato de las personas, hacer frente al trabajo infantil y reforzar la posición y el papel de las mujeres en la sociedad."A través del diálogo activo y regular llevado por nuestra Embajada (Estados Unidos) con el Gobierno de Marruecos sobre los derechos humanos, hemos mantenido, en respeto mutuo, conversaciones francas y abiertas sobre diversas cuestiones", explicó Jackson.Desde 1977, el Departamento de Estado americano publica regularmente en el mes de febrero los informes-países sobre la situación de los derechos humanos.Comentando la publicación de los informes, Jackson afirmó que "el Gobierno de Estados Unidos considera que los derechos humanos constituyen una parte fundamental de las preocupaciones de su política Exterior"."La manera con la cual un Gobierno trata los que están en desacuerdo con, o critican, sus políticas son una verdadera marca de la amplitud de la libertad y la democracia, y eso es particularmente verdadero en los momentos difíciles, como en período de crisis económica internacional por ejemplo", estimó.

The last bloody events in ‘Ben Ryan’ an Algerian province

2009-02-18T08:21:00.000-08:00

The last bloody events in ‘Ben Ryan’ an Algerian province is it a civil war or a new kind of apartheid? How the Ibadits minority lives and this tragic crisis of Algeria?
Everyone who knows the region know that Amzab is a large oasis in the Algerian Sahara desert, about 500 km from Algiers, this region is constituted of five different cities: the city of Ghardaia, an economic city which gives jobs to many Ghardians, with a population of more than 500 thousand people. Most of them Berbers, The Ibadits are descent of Abdullah Ibn Abad son of bin Obaid bin Tamim first founder of Ghardia. They are ‘Khawarij’(initially supporting the caliphate of the fourth and final "Rightly Guided" caliph Ali ibn Abi Talib, later rejected him), and if they denies that (Muslim Sifat) and recognize the creation of the Koran. They are different from the nomadic Arabs who settled in southern cities, in terms of language and social customs and traditions and beliefs, especially the persistence of the people of an exceptional Amzab religious doctrine in Algeria, which is the doctrine, linked or original from the Sultanate of Oman in the Arabian Peninsula. The people of Amzabi people are also deployed in the northern cities of Algeria and most of them work in different professions mainly trade, and they are well represented in the petroleum centers of Armal Well and Messaoud Well.

The question is: How could these religious minorities coexist with the Sunni-Maliki Algerian Islamic majority Movement? How could they stand against the terrorist groups? and how could they maintain their identity and cohesion throughout the black decade (the Period between 80ies and 90ie wich Algeria witnessed civil war, carried mainly by Kabilian berber seeking independence, and Al-Qaeda terror groups). The people of Amzab stood against the dominance of Islamic militant groups and against the ruling Baath-ist ideology of the National Liberation Front and the ‘Francophonie’ secular military establishment, the Amzab people didn’t fell in the spiral of other components of Tamazight in the Kabylia independent movement, their region recorded only two terrorist attacks, in which foreign workers of Armal well were targeted, this situation indicates that this side of the country has remained relatively far from the mess that Algeria was witnessing, the most weird and confusing situation is that the people of Amzab living in northern Algeria have never been subjected to any kind of terrorist attack, especially in cities that are considered hot spots as Boumerdas, Blida, Tizi Ouzou and Buera and Ain Defla.

The people of Amzab Ibadits started to fear for their fate since the Islamic Front for the Rescue lost the elections in most of the cities in south Algeria in 1991. Their logical and natural Fears, were always tied to the history which took place a thousand years ago, that reminded them the destruction of the ‘Rostom’or Alrostomi state by the Fatimid’s (The Fatimid’s left the rule of Algeria (972-1148). This Berber dynasty, which had founded the towns of Miliana, Mèdèa, and Algiers), which forced them to flee to ‘Sedarata’ south of ‘Warkala city’, since that time the Ibadits community still reminding every time their people massacre and displacement which force them to relocate to the Sahara region. Legislative and municipal elections in Algeria of the nineties, defined the beginning in which was given the Kabilian area to current Tamazight tribes and to Ibadits Amzab Free candidates, The Islamic party(FIS) recorded a weak presence in the north and the south in comparison with cities of the east and west and center. Another important observation in regards of the political landscape at this time, is the absence of any People from Amzab Ibadits in the Islamic currents in contrast of what was happening with Berber or Tamazight people, whether at the level of the leadership or ordinary members. In this context, we note that the autarky that Amzab people lived in for centuries, to preserve themselves and their Ibadits traditional habits, enabled this minority to preserve their identity by teachings a tolerant Islamic ‘Sharia’(Islamic Law) and Arabic language, as they could keep their different Ibadits (Islamic Ideology)from the general tendency of other Algerians. We can summarize as follows the most important differences between the Ibadits Amzab populations and the other Algerian Islamists: 1 - the view of each one of them on term of ‘nation’: Dar al-Islam (pro-Islam) and Dar-infidelity (infidels)...
2 - The dispute over the concepts of ‘jihad’ and ‘ethics’ and conduct of a Muslim.
3 - Contradiction in the interpretation of the national State: Many people in Algeria dream of an Islamic state (mix of religion and state affaires), but the Amzab Ibadits advocate the doctrine of the separation of religion from the state issues.
4 – The discrepancies between the Amzab Ibadits and other Algerian Sunnis fractions whom opposes the military rule of ‘Baath-ist’ Sunni government, is evident as he Ibadits seek to worship the rulers instead of dooming and criticizing, their ideology depends mainly on dialogue instead of confrontation .. The political thought of Amzab Ibadits is based on tolerance, moderation, renunciation of violence, discord and to stay away from the behavior of all minorities in the world, we can say that this attitude helped them to survive through history by pleading always for peace and neutrality or simply fallowing the winner.
The position of Algerian Ibadits regarding the Arab world is too vague, they do not feel that they are Arabs, and refuse to give up the Tamazight identity and their own language Tamazight, they consider the Arabic language as something essential to their religious beliefs, they think that "the Arabic language is the language of the Paradise"; Regarding French Language they call it ‘the language of bread and work, and they believe that Tamazight is the language of understanding the world, and a way to perpetrate the Amazigh culture and identity.
The Ibadits consider themselves part of the uprising Algerian Amazigh movement in northern Algeria; Tamazight struggle to get recognition, from the government for their cultural and linguistic peculiarities. The only difference between them, is that Amzab people do not see any objection to the use of Arabic characters to write TAMAZIGHT as they insist over the complementarily between the two languages in the formation of Ibadits identity. The Amazigh of the north are in favor of the use of Latin characters in their written language, the Amzab people reject radically the politicization of the Amazigh movement ‘and the independent Kabilia’. Finally, we can say that the ethnic minority of Amzab in Algeria clings to the ‘democratic’ Republican system, which in their opinion, guarantees them their rights and interests and the continuity of their identity without dissolving or melting them in the larger Amazigh society, this status was maintained for centuries, especially during the Ottoman and the French rule period, in which they experienced certain freedom for practicing their religious beliefs as ‘soufism’ and "emerging behavior", contrary to the "secret living" that they were imposed by different religious rulers through history. They watched with great concern the development of the situation of their Ibadits brothers in Libya and the unsuccessful campaign carried by Colonel Gaddafi, in which they were sidelined and pushed and intimidated to fallow the religious ‘Maliki doctrine’. The same situation is lived by Tunisian Ibadits, whom live in the island of Djerba. In Algeria the problem of ‘the state of the nation’ remain open until now; the question is:
Are people of Amzab the model of a modern thinking and living and a good example to fallow for the weak Algerian democracy? we believe that the events in the city of Ben Ryan in 1990 and 2008 were not because of its religious or ideological backgrounds, nor promoted from the Algerian rulers as a foreign conspiracy to outset and create friction between the Algerian ethnic groups, but obviously the economic and social crisis, despite the large oil revenues, which abound in the region of Ghardaia, Ben Ryan, and benefit the newcomers to the region.
In regards to the situation being lived in the wounded city of Ben Ryan, after the sectarian conflict, we would shed some light about the racial majority of Malkit sustained and supported by the Algerian National Army and the police.

Please click on the below links for more information :
https://www.yousendit.com/download/WnBReUNFdGo0b0JFQlE9PQ Http://www.archive.org/details/exactions_a_berriane http://www.lequotidienalgerie.com/index.php/5260/interview-du-dr-kamaleddine-fekhar-militant-des-droits-de-l% e2% 80% 99homme-ghardaia / Http://www.elwatan.com/Les-fuites-en-avant-du-pouvoir Http://www.tsa-algerie.com/Algerie---le-role-troublant-de-la-police-a-Berriane_6050.html According to analysts on this matter, this superficial conflict, hide a huge collision between various wings and arms of the Algerian Army, which are radically opposed, in particular to the third mandate of President Bouteflica, this is an ethnic cleansing in its full dimensions and standards, the International Criminal Court should take seriously this tragic situation and investigate to open an independent inquiry to find out the truth ignored by some global players thanks to Algerian Gaz.
This bloody violence not seen in the region for centuries, is touching the symbols of Ibadian men and their institutions and culture, “no one can claim really that he knows what’s happening exactly in Algeria generally and in Ghardaia particularly” as told by the former U.S Ambassador to Algeria.
By Jalal Nali

Un Marocain d'origine sahraouie regagne Smara après avoir fui les camps de Tindouf

2009-01-21T07:27:00.000-08:00

Smara, 21/01/09- Un citoyen marocain d'origine sahraouie a regagné, mardi, la mère patrie fuyant les camps de Tindouf, en réponse à l'appel Royal "La patrie et clémente et miséricordieuse".
Il s'agit de Omar Hmidate Ould Saïd Ould Ahmed Hadrami (26 ans), originaire de la tribu Rguibat Lbihat qui est parvenu à fuire des camps de Tindouf, sud ouest de l'Algérie, pour rejoindre les siens à Smara.
Dans une déclaration à la MAP, Omar Hmidate a affirmé que sa décision de regagner le Royaume est principalement motivée par son attachement à sa marocanité, soulignant que les conditions de vie dans les camps sont devenues intolérables en raison de l'absence totale de toute notion de dignité humaine, de vie sécurisée ou de perspective d'avenir pour les jeunes.
Les éléments du +polisario+ ont perdu toute maîtrise de la situation devant les besoins essentiels sans cesse croissants des populations et les voix favorables à l'initiative royale visant à octroyer un statut de large autonomie aux provinces du Sud du Royaume, a-t-il affirmé.
Et de préciser que son retour au Maroc est le résultat de sa prise de conscience quant à la réalité de la situation dans les provinces du Sud, notamment à Smara, ce qui lui a permis de s'assurer du caractère infondé des prétentions fallacieuses des ennemis de l'intégrité territoriale du Royaume.

King of Morocco: Special occasion historical speech

2008-12-11T04:18:00.000-08:00

The 6th of November in Raba his Majesty the King Mohamed VI of Morocco proposed an initiative for an "advanced and progressive regionalization" of the country, which will affect primarily the disputed territory of Western Sahara, In a speech to the nation on the anniversary of the Green March, in which Morocco annexed the Western Sahara in1975, Mohamed VI announced the creation of a multidisciplinary committee that must propose a plan to carry out this regionalization, His highness launched in this speech the "dynamics of an advanced and progressive regionalization, covering all regions of Morocco, heading first with the region of the Moroccan Sahara ",Mohammed VI expressed his "strong willingness" to allow the people of Western Sahara the democratic management of their affairs, This will be achieved, according to the monarch, either through "the implementation of a comprehensive and appropriate regionalization, which comes from our own national will or the autonomy proposal, once it has been thesubject of a political commitment and The UN has adopted as a final solution to the conflict. "For these objectives can be realized, this reform must rest on the principles of unity, solidarity and balance, the monarch added. "As we understand unity of the state unity of the nation and the territory, without which no regionalization could take place," he said."The idea of balance refers to the need to determine the exclusive powers of the state and provide, at the same time, regional institutions to the prerogative to allow them to fully develop missions on their own," he added.
Thirdly, Mohamed VI spoke of the national solidarity which is the "key to any advanced regionalization." "The transfer of power to regions necessarily means that it can dispose of financial resources from the State and the funds themselves," said the king. It also urged the government of the country to prepare a map for this new land-use planning, which arises, he said, in anticipation of reaching a solution hosted by international multilateral organizations.Mohamed VI took the opportunity to remind the Moroccan initiative for autonomy in Western Sahara, which is currently paralyzed by the closure of the representative of the UN in the negotiations, Peter Van Walsum. Morocco is committed to continue negotiations with Algeria the main actor in this issue and his backed separatist group Polisario.By Jalal Nali

Algerian Democracy: Bouteflika President till death

2008-12-11T04:00:00.000-08:00

For the first time since the Algeria get independent, the Algerian democracy is in a real danger, mainly for modifications in the Algerian constitution in favor of the actual president Bouteflika, the weak Algerian ‘democracy’ was suffering from deep corruption in all senior levels, and many European analysts describe the situation as ‘going from bad to worst’ the Algerian human rights depends on the international organizations based locally which’s suffers from daily harassing from the Algerian authorities,Regarding the main changes in the Algerian constitution is to enlarge and keep the president in function as long as possible ‘till death as kabylian opposition based in the UK stated last Friday’ the Algerian junta fight to keep unchanged the present situation in Algeria (support of war pressure in their neighbor countries to maintain the social and ,economic chaos in north Africa, which threat Europe and violence spreading to United States, The Algerian authorities try to keep the European support by making some changes in favor of women rights to access to education and governmental jobs, this maneuver is known as the tree which hide the mountain, other words they wanted support in a noble cause, which is giving women their natural right to be equal to men, at the same time broking all legality by changing the country constitution to be less flexible. The main rule to make a major change in the Algerian constitution is to organize a popular referendum for acceptance or non-acceptance from the civil society, the President Bouteflika made his decision basing it on the article 147 of the Algerian constitution (--147—the president have the right to make small constitutional modifications without recurring to referendum for minor issues). Departing from this, we can see clearly that the fundamental right of equality in running for president is vowed to disappear, and any opposition party will remain in the opposition and the real democratic changes will never see the daylight, as the main three political parties are controlled by the military junta. The Algerian president was giving four years of life time as appeared in the Algerian UK written journal (Al Ummah) after his hospital sojourning last year in France, the Algerian civil opinion can not express any political point of view, the Algerian freedom of speech is granted exclusively to pro-governmental propagandistic media. This critical situation is going to generate more frustration mainly in the youth class which started to immigrate illegally to Europe through Morocco to escape to this explosive situation, which will degenerate in another civil war or the Kabylian independence claims long time back demanded by the cabylian ethnic groups.
by: Jalal Nali

Argentina is going to provide nuclear technology to Algeria

2008-12-11T03:57:00.000-08:00

Argentina has experience in the nuclear field. In 1984 the Argentine company INVAP sold to the Algerian Ministry of Energy a three-megawatt experimental reactor that was installed in Draria, near Algiers. Kirchner (Argentina president) visited it yesterday; analysts are worried about the extension of this technology deal to a secret armament field, by this agreement Algeria is signing a divorce certificate with France which started discussions regarding Nuclear energy. Algeria as Iran has no need in the short term for expensive nuclear energy, as they are rich in fossil energy?
Nine years later after 1984, China built a second nuclear reactor of 15 megawatts, in Ain OUSSERA. This worried the United States, which called on its Western allies, among others in Spain of Felipe Gonzalez; to make representations to Beijing to prevent Algeria produce enriched uranium to manufacture an atomic bomb, according to revealed several telegrams from the State Department. Algiers has signed in recent months a non nuclear weapon proliferation agreement, or plans to do so? As this issue is not closed yet. Besides the Minister De Vido, Kerchner traveled to Algeria accompanied by three secretaries of State, Commerce, Agriculture and SMEs, as well as by some 70 businessmen.
In 2007 trade between the two countries reached 688 million Euros (the ninth of those of Spain with the North African country) and threw a crushing surplus for Argentina, which sells agricultural products instead of buying better and cheaper Moroccan products
Algeria is ranked number 17 among the clients of Argentina.

By Jalal Nali

Two Imaginary Interties Exchanges Imaginary Recognition

2008-12-11T03:49:00.000-08:00

The Moroccan separatists (POLISARIO) in a desperate move dictated by the Military junta of Algeria sent a recognition letter to the Russian PM in which the imaginary Rsad will recognize the independence of South Ossetia and Abkhazia by the end of 2008, Polisario is itself struggling for international recognition for his artificial organization created by Algeria in the 80ties,Its recognition of the Georgian separatist regions could be a ploy to gain Russian support; Polisario seems ignoring that Russia is becoming a strategic economic ally, of Morocco and started investing in many different areas in the Cherifian country, lately Dkhla city in southern Morocco. We can consider that Polisario is the voice of what Algerian military junta cannot declare, Algeria under international pressure after she lost all credibility regarding this fake regional issue, is trying to find new ways to remain in the dark side without being seen, and remote controlling the decision less making Polisario, I consider that this is the end of life of (this pro-AlQaeda group of separatists), as they lost the support of many wrongly convinced countries e.g the Kingdom of Denmark which days ago withdrawn his recognition of this organization working in the Algerian embassy in Copenhagen, this organization lie and invent sensitive stories to get financial support to build luxury villas in southern Spain etc... But finally ‘thanks god’ Morocco strong of his credibility and his historical rights to recover his territorial sovereignty, is recovering the trust of many countries, after his autonomy proposal approved by the 1813 UN resolution in which the UN asks Polisario and indirectly Algeria, to be realistic, moments before, the Special envoy Mr Walsum stated the impossibility of any other solution than a large autonomy. Algeria is getting defeat after defeat in this big masquerade called Polisario, and as usual Algerian elite failure to govern their timing bomb country, (in which many different ethnics are fighting for their independence, and the government hide this fact by a supposed war anti-terror ), Algerian leaders are trying to invent new enemies to their nation to regroup the country ethnics in the same fray to build a unique front, but they forget that the main rip in their politics is the widely spread corruption and obsolete ideologies, the Algerian population is suffering from freedom oppressing, hunger, jobless, etc.. This new looking dictatorship in which the president can remain in the power without time limit, is another bright image of the promising Algerian future. By Jalal Nali

Relatives of the Two Agadir Bus station victims respond clearly to Polisario (separatist Group backed by Algeria)

2008-12-11T03:48:00.000-08:00

Yesterday, relatives of two south Moroccan students victims of last week criminal acts in Agadir’s bus station(mid-country coast city), in which they get hit to death by a violent bus driver; the two youngsters families ( Khatib and Khaya) respectively condemned the unacceptable attitude of the separatist group (Polisario living in Tindouf south Algeria) for their “turned and fake comments on this issue”, Mr Khatib stated to the local public TV that this issue is a normal criminal issue, and it’s have nothing to do with the usual bad minded deformation of realities by Polisario for political purposes, Polisario “ use to turn realities into false information to get support and money to their fake and Artificial Algerian invented cause”, the heads of the two families Said publicly that “they Are Moroccans and they will remain Moroccan”, “ and Polisario have no right to talk in their names as they believe in the national court of Morocco, and they don’t want any illegitimate Algerian backed group to discuss any issue in their names.
This situation brings us another time to shed some light into Polisario methods and techniques to deform all the truth to get support and financial aid from nongovernmental associations.
We can guess easily that this fanatic pro-cold war ideology group and associated to the main terror groups operating in this inhospitable area is living his last moments.

By jalal Nali Maroc post Director for Europe

Paraguay interested in strengthening economic relations with Morocco

2008-12-11T03:45:00.000-08:00

The meeting of foreign ministers of South American countries ended days ago with a final declaration in which the (Mercosur) underlines its determination to launch very soon trade negotiations with Morocco, and they stressed their desire to move towards signing a free trade agreement with the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC).
Mercosur (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay, and Venezuela in the accession process) and the GCC (Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Qatar and Oman) the two entities have signed in May 2005 an agreement of economic cooperation, which became effective in October 2006 in Riyadh, and they started negotiations for a free trade agreement.
Paraguay has just withdrawn its recognition of Polisario ( Moroccan separatist group backed and based in Algeria) as a step to closer relations with Morocco, Paraguay has entered in a huge democratic reform process, the new foreign minister Jorge Lara Castro who declared that the statements by the former totalitarian government were dropped entirely days after his replacement, therefore Paraguay government asked Polisario Representatives, located in the Algerian consulate in the capital Asunción, to stop all diplomatic activity and to leave the country.

By Jalal Nali Director of Maroc Post Europe

2008-08-28T03:31:00.001-07:00

LAST ARTICLE अबाउट Western Sahara

2008-08-28T02:23:00.000-07:00

Sahara's long and troubled conflict

PETER VAN WALSUM 28/08/2008

I am writing this tribune as former personal envoy of the Secretary-General of the United Nations for Western Sahara. I was originally appointed to this post by Secretary-General Annan in August 2005, and the fifth semiannual extension of my appointment expired on August 21th last. The reason I am writing today is that I want to avail myself of the brief interlude between the time when I had to exercise restraint in airing my personal views because I was the personal envoy, and the fast approaching time when nobody will be interested in my personal views because I am not the personal envoy any longer.

Given the 33 years that the dispute about Western Sahara has endured, I am sometimes tempted to think that I have failed to find a solution because the question is insoluble. If I resist that temptation, it is because I continue to believe that with political will the question can be solved.
My analysis has not changed since I submitted my first oral report to the Security Council in January 2006. I thought the two main ingredients of the impasse were Morocco's decision of April 2004 not to accept any referendum with independence as an option, and the Security Council's unwavering view that there must be a consensual solution to the question of Western Sahara. I focused on the latter, for - as I observed on the occasion - if the Council had been prepared to impose a solution, my analysis would have been very different. As it was, however, the need to find a consensual solution had to be the starting point of any analysis.
This led to my conclusion that there were only two options: indefinite prolongation of the current impasse, or direct negotiations between the parties. Such negotiations would need to be embarked upon without preconditions, and I admitted it was only realistic to predict that, with Morocco in the possession of most of the territory and the Security Council unwilling to put pressure on it, the outcome would fall short of an independent Western Sahara.
This conclusion was criticized by those who felt it was unethical to expect Polisario to settle for political reality simply because Morocco and the Security Council failed to respect international legality, as expressed in General Assembly resolution 1514 of 1960 (on decolonization and self-determination) and the International Court of Justice's advisory opinion of 1975 (on the absence of pre-colonial ties between Morocco and Western Sahara that might affect the application of said resolution). This was not the kind of criticism a mediator could simply brush aside, but I felt it had to be weighed against the risk of giving Polisario false hope by encouraging it to disregard the undeniable fact that from the outset in 1975 the Security Council had consistently made it clear that it could only countenance a consensual solution.
Unfortunately, Polisario's backers generously supplied it with precisely that sort of encouragement. They insisted that sooner or later the Council would recognize that international legality had to be respected and oblige Morocco to accept a referendum with independence as an option.
The reason I do not believe this will happen is that international legality is not the same as international law. The Security Council naturally has to observe international law, but it also has to take into account political reality. The General Assembly, the Security Council and the International Court of Justice are all principal organs of the United Nations. There is no hierarchy among them, but each has specific powers, which are described in the Charter of the United Nations and the Statute of the International Court of Justice. In article 24 of the Charter, member states confer on the Security Council primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security. To fulfil this responsibility the Council has no choice but to take political reality into account. If it does so, it acts within the bounds of its powers under the UN Charter and is thus observing international law.
The Council rarely discusses all the political factors taken into account by individual member states, so their relative weight in the genesis of a resolution will never become known, not even to the Council members themselves. Potential political factors may be, for example, fear of the destabilising effect of coercive action, awareness that redress of an injustice 33 years after the fact may entail new injustices, or reluctance to contribute to the possible creation of another failed state.
When confronted with a dispute, the Council alone decides whether it will act under Chapter VI (pacific settlement of disputes) or Chapter VII (possible use of force in case of threats to the peace or acts of aggression), and it cannot be overruled by any other organ. There is no rule of international law that obliges the Security Council to use all the powers it has at its disposal to give effect to resolutions of the General Assembly or advisory opinions of the International Court of Justice.
This is why criticism of the Council's disregard for international legality has always had so little effect. Among the states members of the Council that most resolutely insist that there can only be a consensual solution to the question of Western Sahara, I have never come across one that thought it might thereby be violating international law. This does not mean that on the Council no one is troubled about the continuing impasse. But there is a growing awareness that Polisario's insistence on full independence for Western Sahara has the unintended effect of deepening the impasse and perpetuating the status quo.
There is a way out, but it is an arduous one that would lead through tough, genuine negotiations. If Polisario could tentatively contemplate a negotiated solution short of full independence, it would instantly be assured of overwhelming international support for its self-evident insistence on solid, internationally anchored, guarantees against a future repeal of the agreed constitutional arrangement or a gradual erosion of civil liberties - such as freedom of speech - on grounds of national security. If at some time in the future Polisario is ready to explore this avenue, I hope it will not just introduce amendments to the Moroccan proposal but submit a comprehensive autonomy proposal of its own.
I do not expect that Polisario will take this step in the foreseeable future. For the time being, nothing will change: Polisario will continue to demand a referendum with independence as an option, Morocco will continue to rule that out, and the Security Council will continue to insist on a consensual solution. Meanwhile the international community will continue to grow used to the status quo.

Three killed 7 injured in algeria

2008-08-26T05:02:00.000-07:00

a revolutionary anti-polisario group khat achhid, in tindouf repoted that the polisario in cooperation with the algerian forces had killed theree people 2 men and 1 woman and in jured 7 other in a read anti Morocco return, the victims were trying to cross the Mauritanian border in thiere way back to morocco, when sudenly they were surprized by an algerian helicopter which alerted the polisario mercinary responsable of the food and weapon trafic in the Mali Mauritania border, Allerted by this abnormal activity, Mauritanian special corp detained two Algerians preparring terror acts in Mauritania ' the two detainees are suspected to belong to the Algerian secret service' secretly official said. the bodies was carried in a sand yellos toyota with an algerian military plate.

Positive momentum triggered by the autonomy proposal put forward in Amsterdam

2008-05-21T06:39:00.000-07:00

Positive momentum triggered by the autonomy proposal put forward in Amsterdam
Participants at a conference on the Sahara held Friday evening in Amsterdam, have highlighted the positive momentum initiated by the Moroccan autonomy initiative and its relevance as the only solution able to reunite Sahrawi families.

At this conference organized by the Faculty of Law at the University of Amsterdam, participants also welcomed the support of the international community to the Moroccan proposal, which is based on a participatory and democratic move enabling residents of the southern provinces to manage their own affairs and exercise their full rights.
Mr. Lahcen Mahraoui, a member of the Royal Advisory Council for Saharan Affairs (CORCAS), stressed that the findings of the personal envoy of the UN Secretary-General to the Sahara, Mr. Peter Van Walsum, corroborated by the latest Security Council resolution converge towards a solution that can not be considered outside the context of autonomy under Moroccan sovereignty. By adopting such a position, he noted, the international community recognizes the serious efforts by Morocco which offers autonomy with international features and defines the framework within which negotiations between parties will evolve. The Moroccan proposal, he recalled, was developed by Sahrawis and supported by all components of Moroccan society as the only solution to this conflict inherited from the Cold War and as a vehicle for social development and economic development of the region.
Mr. Mahraoui also highlighted the humanitarian dimension of the initiative of autonomy, insofar as it will bring an end to the suffering of the populations sequestered in Tindouf camps and bring together Sahrawi families.
For his part, Mr. Mohammed Boughdadi, the author of several books on the history of the Moroccan Sahara, recounted the circumstances and stages of the genesis of the conflict in the Sahara and recalled the historical evidence of the Moroccan Sahara (allegiance Dahirs, correspondences between Morocco and Sultans, stories and testimonies). Mr. Boughdadi has also stressed the important role played by members of the Moroccan community abroad to sensitize by historical evidence and arguments, the society in which they live on the accuracy of the national cause, "so that everyone can understand the reality of the impossibility of creating an entity that separates the Sahara from its inhabitants".
He also said that the international community, familiar with the specificity of the family structure of the Sahara inhabitants and the historical circumstances that have been behind the existence of this conflict over the past century, namely the cold war and East-West rivalry, is firmly convinced that the only possible solution is autonomy under Moroccan sovereignty.
For his part, Mr. Abdelmajid Nadir, a professor at the University of Amsterdam, said that this conference takes place following the positive developments that have taken place these days, including the conclusions of Mr. Van Walsum and the Security Council resolution which supported the "realistic and feasible solution" proposed by Morocco.
Mr. Nadir said that these positive developments have crowned the efforts made by Morocco at all levels for the triumph of law and international legality and for an end to the plight of the families sequestered in Tindouf camps.

Gabriel Pernau escritor en venta

2008-05-09T06:04:00.000-07:00

esta persona que se llama escritor, con su pasado dudoso, es un gran mentiroso, me dio pena y lastima leer sus articulos, sin ningun estilo cultural, me preguntaba si realmente ha hecho estudios, nunca he visto tanta mentira junta en un mismo texto, pero le digo que con tantas mentiras, la proxima vez que entres en marruecos vas a ver una otra cara si te dejan, entrar?

Otra cosa interesante, no creo que usted sea espanol de origen? pondria mi mano en el fuego, un nombre se cambia pero la cara no!

Este escritor ha desonrado a todos los esctitores honrados de espana, de otro lado sabemos quien dirige el periodico LA VANGUARDIA, un libre sin pies ni cabeza, pero aparentemente, le gusto al racista camuflado de los incultos redactores de este periodico.

hablo a los espanoles integros que visitaron a marruecos, si veis a este personaje, le direis que es un ser despreciable.

Javier Bardem El Colmo de la hipocresia

2008-05-08T06:41:00.000-07:00

Megustaria empezar este articulo hablando de la hipocresia de este personaje, yo digo, que la noriedad que Antonio Banderas obtuvo, Bardem no va a llegar ni al 5% porque la Opinion mundial sabe perfectamante, que el problema del Sahara Marroqui fue creado por los espanoles con el afan de robar este territorio a Marruecos, el govierno espanol firmo con marrecos el retorno de su territorio en 1975, al mismo tiempo hizo un pacto con argelia para destruir al govieno de marruecos, lo que paso es que argelia tenia ya preparado su plan para anexar este territorio, el problema de esclavaje en tindouf, porque el caballero Bardem no habla de el. cuantos millones los lobis argelinos le prometieron? de todas maneras el partido popular perdio toda credibilidad, ante la opinion internacional, al votar la ONU en favor de que Marruecos recupere su territorio,et 2 de mayo pasado, estados unidos francia inglaterra y rusia, y el govieno espanol votaron a favor de Marrueco, el PP utiliza este movimiento creado por un sujeto amador y partidario de la ideologia colonialista espanola, solamente que Marruecos no es lo que era, y espana tiene todo interes en fortalecer sus vinculos con esta pais sureneo, el nivel economico espanol llega a madurez, y sino ve la realidad en cara perdera, la oportunidad de trabajar mano en mano con su vecino historico, yo veo con confianza esto, los espanoles saben que Bardem es un por-PP, que intento imitar a Sarkzy, con su fobia de los immigrantes en espana, solo que es un truco antiguo, no le funciono, ahora utiliza a artistas, que lastima, lo peor es que hay quienes le oyes aciegados por mas notoriedad.

LLAMADA AL PUEBLO ESPA~NoL:

los espanoles fueron siempre un pueblo amigo de la verdad, en la historia espanola, marruecos tinia derecho de recuperar su territorio desde tanger asta en actual senegal, espana corto a marruecos en dos, asi que es el pueblo espanol quien tiene que reparar este error historico, y contribuir a la ideficacion de unas relaciones excelentes y no lo opuesto, el PP os trajo la guerra en iraq, mentiras, como las que intenta indirectamente utilizando sus peones como Bardem, para descorcertar y crear otro problema, envez de solucionar los problemas del pueblo fiero espanol, el PP crea el problema para quedar en delantera de la escena politica.

Gabriel Pernau Highly skilled Racist

2008-05-08T06:12:00.000-07:00

After Reading many times his articles in the spanish news paper LA VANGUARDIA "this guy calls him self journalist" i don't know how? i never ever seen so many lies in the same article, and this is the second time, i don't what problem this guy have against Muslims, he was wlkomed by the legendary moroccan generosity, it's a real shame,he knows that many big multinationals companies relocate to Morocco because of the highly skillet workers and the strong anual growth morocco is experiencing the last 20 years, the problem is that spain is a direct competitor of morocco atracting big companies like Renault Nissan, Delphi, Maersk etc..

This "journalist and Writer??" tries by all his strenght to demolish the modern image of this historical country, who colonize spain during 800 years.

He is afraid of repeatetness of the history, insted he congratulate this old country, because Morocco protect spain in the south from terror atacks, Mr Gabriel Pernau, simply wants to give the worng image, i can speak a perfect spanish an french, and i'am aware of what happens.

source :3xw.lavanguardia.es/premium/publica/publica?COMPID=53457874448&ID_PAGINA=22780&ID_FORMATO=9&turbourl=false

Javier Bardem Looking for more Notoriety

2008-05-08T05:09:00.000-07:00

I understand that many actores looks for a global problem to help to be more famous, ' but not this guy' this guy is a hight supporter of the Partido Popular in Spain a neo-colonialist party,against all his negbhors countries, Mr Bardem who supported openly is many ocasions the tessis of i'll do more noise i get more roles to play, the problem is that he is a bit late in this game, because you can support true issues, not ones like western sahara, he knows exactly that this territory belongs to Moroccan Kingdom, since 750 a.j, but his incondetional support to this spanish political pro traditionalist spanish policy, make him loosing all credibility, more when the world knows, the truth about the expansion algerian plans in this moroccan territory, the free world support the moroccan plan for a real democracy in this region, the slavery issue in Western Sahara Or Moroccan Sahara, honestly i don't think that he is a real humanitarian, but just a big role he is playing in the real life, to add to the small roles he got in the big screen.

FOR WHOM SPEAKS SPANISH:

A COPY OF A LETTER THE PARTIDO POPULAR LEADER SENT TO THE ACTOR FOR HIS OSCAR WINING.
El presidente y candidato del Partido Popular (PP), Mariano Rajoy, se apresuró también a enviar un telegrama de felicitación al actor, en el que aseguró: "Tu merecido éxito es un motivo de satisfacción y de orgullo para toda la sociedad española".
"Quiero transmitirte en mi nombre y en el del partido mi enhorabuena por el Oscar que has conseguido por tu interpretación en `Sin lugar para los débiles`", puntualizó el líder conservador en el mensaje.

source: 3xw.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/485041.html

Slavery Still exist in South Algeria

2008-05-07T12:01:00.000-07:00

Remember the Australian filmmakers Polisario detained in May? They said Polisario was mad at them because they had uncovered evidence of slavery in Tindouf. At the time certain blogs threw fits at the idea of Polisario holding slaves, but then the story went cold.

source : refugees.org/article.aspx?id=1506

More on Slavery in the Camps
Following up on our earlier report, here is a manumission document dated June 13, 2007 purporting to free a slave (taharir rak’ba) among the refugees in the Polisario’s camps around Tindouf. It is signed by an official representative of the Ministry of Justice and Religious Affairs of the Sahirwiya Democratic Arab Republic, the Polisario’s government-in-exile. Needless to say, slavery is not legal in Algeria and international law categorically forbids it.
Slavery in Tindouf Camps
Will nothing surprise us about warehousing and the human rights violations endemic to forced encampment? What about modern day chattel slavery? That’s what Australian film makers Violeta Ayala and Daniel Fallshaw of United Notions Films found when they went to the Polisario-run camps for Saharwi refugees near Tindouf in Algeria earlier this year.
They had gone initially to film the five-day visits arranged by UNHCR between refugees in the camp and relatives in Moroccan-occupied Western Sahara when they noticed some anomalies. Some of the 7,000 or so Saharwi of African descent were denied visitation because their names did not match those of their relatives. Instead, they bore the surnames of Arab Saharwi in the camp. Few wanted to talk about it initially but one refugee who had spent time in Spain broke the ice: they had those surnames because they were the property, the slaves of the other refugees.

NGOs Call to Free Sahrawi Refugees at UNHCR Standing Committee

UNHCR’s Standing Committee (a sub-set of its governing Executive Committee) met in Geneva, March 6-9, 2007. NGOs made consensus statements on a number of issues and raised warehousing and refugee rights in a number of them, including one on the Middle East and North Africa condemning
the continued warehousing of Sahrawi refugees in the camps at Tindouf, Algeria. The Polisario rebel group from Western Sahara, with the complicity of the Algerian government, has kept nearly 100,000 refugees confined to camps in the desert for more than 30 years. A recent visit by UNHCR, the World Food Programme, and European agencies found conditions in the camps to be dire, with children suffering from acute malnutrition and high rates of anaemia among pregnant and lactating women. In early 2006, flooding in the camps left 50,000 of the refugees homeless. We hope that UNHCR can work to provide better protection and assistance for these refugees including freedom for the refugees to leave the camps and work to support themselves if they so choose. Algeria’s generous treatment of some 4,000 Palestinian refugees who enjoy nearly the same rights as Algerians with regard to residence and economic activity, is the model it should follow with respect to the Sahrawi.

source: polisario-thinktwice.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26&Itemid=1

Exclusive pictures in “youtube.com” has come to confirm the suspicions of slavery practices within the camps of Tindouf located in the south-east of Algeria and managed by the Polisario Front, a guerrilla in conflict with Morocco for 33 years. Testimonies emanating from black populations who suffer from slavery come to corroborate several recent revelations of foreign journalists having had access to Tindouf camps in 2007as well as the publication by the newspaper “Canarias 7” of a document entitled “release of a slave” obtained from a Tindouf Court which officialize the releasing of two slaves. The video contains a Polisario Front representative declaration, who affirms, in a strong way, that “slavery does not exist in the camps”; It gives also details on the organization of slavery in the camps and segregation against the black populations in the name of “ancestral cultural” practices.
The Timing of the launching of this video is no pain-killer since Morocco and the Polisario Front must meet this week in Manhasset, suburbs of New York for another round of direct negotiations. These talks are held under the UN supervision and with the participation of neiboring countries, Algeria and Mauritania. For several months now, the Polisario Front is under big pressure because counties familiar with the Sahara case like the United States, France and Spain, have clearly embraced the “autonomy plan” proposed by Morocco to the UN in April 2007. This plan proposes a large autonomy for the Western Sahara instead of a referendum which proved to be unrealizable.

THE QUESTION IS :HOW MUCH MONEY HE GOT FROM POLISARIO?

2008-05-05T15:29:00.000-07:00

Every one knows the way Polisario Works, by buying others Conscious, so how much the danish military got from them??

Last week “Polisario Confidential” has published General Mosgaard picture wearing a pin with the colors of the terrorist group logo. This week, P.C is releasing for its readers, new pictures of the ex- chief of the MINURSO military command with Polisario Frente executives while visiting Tindouf camps located in South-west Algeria. The new pictures obtained from the same source, show even more complicity between General Mosgaard and the Polisario Frente executives. In charge of respecting the cease-fire in Sahara zone, General Kurt Mosgaard was during his mandate, more concerned by sparing the Polisario Frente and Algeria than following the UN rules. The obvious support of the General to the Polisario Frente Guerrilla continues even when he left office. The Danish general gave an interview to a pro Polisario Frente Norwegian association in which he said that UN would suffer from a “tropism” in favor of Morocco. A chief of the MINURSO military command is not supposed to take sides and his partiality is questioned about the reports sent to the UN while in command.

HOW MANY PEOPLE HAVE TO SUFFER AND DIE? THE WORLD MUST KNOW THE TRUTH ABOUT THIS GROUP OF TERRORISTS SUPPORTED BY ALGERIA, TO MAKE BILLIONS OF DOLLARS BY EXPLOITING OTHER PEOPEL SUFFERIES?

Spain: New terrorist label for Polisario?

2008-05-05T15:20:00.001-07:00

News From Spain:

New terrorist label for Polisario?

The news comes from Spain where the Polisario(Moroccan insurgent refugies in Algeria called Death camps) the Front has its big supporters. The Canarian Association of Terrorism Victims (ACAVITE) has filed a criminal suit against the Polisario Front after more than thirty years of suffering the consequences of its terrorist acts. Lucia Jimenez, president of ACAVITE has been active since 1999 (when Terrorism Victims Law became effective) and her father could be recognized as a victim of terrorism act. The accident took place on January 10, 1976 in Western Sahara(MoroccanSahara) where Francisco Jimenez was working as an electrician for Fos Bucraa (National Institute of Industry). The vehicle in which Francisco Jimenez was traveling blew up when it drove over a landmine placed by the Polisario Front. He survived miraculously but suffered terrible physical and psychological consequences. Raimundo Lopez, another worker accompanying Jimenez, died on the spot.

Western Sahara independence is not “realistic"

2008-05-05T15:12:00.000-07:00

Peter Van Walsum: Western Sahara independence is not “realistic"

Tuesday, 22 April 2008

Peter Van Walsum Personal Envoy of the UN Secretary General for Sahara stated yesterday before the15-member United Nations Security Council that «An independent Western Sahara is not an attainable goal” and taking into account the political reality and international legality of the conflict should be prevalent for its resolution. The assessment of Peter Van Walsum angered the representatives of South Africa, important sponsor of the Polisario Front and Algeria. Indeed, it is the first time that the Personal Envoy of the United Nations for Sahara expresses in a completely clear way and with a realistic view what could constitute an exit to the crisis, supporting the Moroccan proposal based on large autonomy for the Western Sahara. Van Walsum also made an allusion to the Algerian direct involvement in the conflict, blaming the persistence of the statelmate on the fact that several countries deem “quite comfortable” the status-quo as it “saves them the responsibility of making difficult choices, such as taking Algeria’s or Morocco’s side.”

Source :Written by Khalid Ibrahim Khaled

THE RIGHT TO RECOVER HIS TERRITORY AND HIS DEGNITY

2008-05-05T13:29:00.000-07:00

(i wanted to point out the moroccan history, for whom don't have enough information to see clearly why morocco claims sovereignty on his southern territory(Sahara), algeria is supporting Moroccan insurgent to destabilize, the security in the region, and creat an open door to terrorists to reach Europe. hope that the free world understand this big Algerian lie)

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MOROCCO BETWEEN 780-974

***Idrisid dynasty***

The founder of the dynasty was Idris ibn Abdallah (788-791), who traced his ancestry back to Ali ibn Abi Talib and his wife Fatima, daughter of the Prophet Muhammad. As a Sayyid Shiite he was persecuted by the Abbasids and fled to the Maghreb in 786, where he was taken in by the Berbers. Since the Maysara uprising against Arab rule (739-742), the authority of the Caliphate in North Africa had been compromised; the new kingdom of Idris I represented the second autonomous Islamic state in Morocco., and the first in Spain.
His son Idris II (791-828) developed the area of Fez, already colonised by his father, as a royal residence and capital. Through the settlement of refugees from Kairouan and Andalusia the city quickly became the focus for the Islamification and Arabisation of North Africa: compare the rise of Islam in Algeria. At about the same time, an alternate summer capital Basra was constructed and named after the famous city in southern Iraq.
The realm was also extended through campaigns into the high Atlas Mountains and against Tlemcen, with the result that the Idrisid state became the most significant power in Morocco, ahead of the principalites of the Bargawata, the Salihids, the Miknasa and the Maghrawa of Sijilmasa.

After defeats by the Fatimids in 917-920 the Idrisids were driven from Fez and control given to the Miknasa. Hassan I al-Hajam managed to wrest control of Fez for a couple of years but he was the last of the dynasty to hold power there.
Only with the support of the Caliphate of Cordoba could the dynasty subsequently hold out against the Fatimids and their allies. After 926 the Idrisids abandoned Fez for good and withdrew to the valleys of the Rif mountains, where they had a stronghold in the fortress of Hajar an-Nasar. They were also protected to some extent by the reluctance of tribal elders to wipe out entirely the local descendants of the Prophet Muhammad's family.
The last Idrisid made the mistake of switching allegiances back to the Fatimids, and was deposed and executed in 985 by the Caliphate of Cordoba

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MOROCCO BETWEEN 1040-1147

***Almoravid dynasty***

The Almoravids, was a Berber [1] dynasty from the Sahara that spread ov

er a wide area of North-Western Africa and the Iberian peninsula during the 11th century.
Under this dynasty the Moorish empire was extended over present-day Morocco, Western Sahara, Mauritania, Gibraltar, Tlemcen (in Algeria) and a great part of what is now Senegal and Mali in the south, and Spain and Portugal to the north in Europe. At its extent, the empire stretched 3,000 kilometres north to south (an all-time latitude spanner until Spanish America).
The exact meaning of "Murabit" is a matter of controversy. The name may be derived from the Arabic ribat (meaning tie or fortress (a term with which it shares the root r-b-t). This was the common opinion some time ago, however most historians now believe that it refers to ribat, meaning "tied to Horses" (ie ready for battle--Ribat also mentioned in Quran as referring to Jihad)

From the year 1053, the Almoravids began to spread their religious way to the Berber areas of the Sahara, and to the regions south of the desert. They converted Takrur (a small state in modern Senegal) to Islam, and after winning over the Sanhaja Berber tribe, they quickly took control of the entire desert trade route, seizing Sijilmasa at the northern end in 1054, and Aoudaghost at the southern end in 1055. Yahya ibn Ibrahim was killed in a battle in 1056, but Abd-Allah ibn Yasin, whose influence as a religious teacher was paramount; named his brother Abu-Bakr Ibn-Umar as chief. Under him, the Almoravids soon began to spread their power beyond the desert, and subjected the tribes of the Atlas Mountains. They then came in contact with the Berghouata, a branch of the Zenata of central Morocco, who followed a "heresy" founded by Salih ibn Tarif, three centuries earlier. The Berghouata made a fierce resistance, and it was in battle with them that Abdullah ibn Yasin was killed. They were, however, completely conquered by Abu-Bakr Ibn-Umar, who took the defeated chief's widow, Zainab, as a wife.
In 1056 conquest Taroudant
In 1061, Abu-Bakr Ibn-Umar made a division of the power he had established, handing over the more-settled parts to his cousin Yusuf ibn Tashfin, as viceroy; resigning to him also his favourite wife Zainab. For himself, he reserved the task of suppressing the revolts which had broken out in the desert, but when he returned to resume control, he found his cousin too powerful to be superseded. He returned to the Sahara, where, in 1087, having been wounded with a poisoned arrow, he died.
Yusuf ibn Tashfin had in the meantime brought what is now known as Morocco, Western Sahara and Mauretania into complete subjection; and in 1062, had founded the city of Marrakech. In 1080, he conquered the kingdom of Tlemcen (in modern-day Algeria) and founded the present city of that name, his rule extending as far east as Oran.

In 1086 Yusuf ibn Tashfin was invited by the Muslim princes in the Iberian Peninsula (Al-Andalus) to defend them against Alfonso VI, King of Castile and León. In that year, Yusuf ibn Tashfin crossed the straits to Algeciras, inflicted a severe defeat on the Christians at the az-Zallaqah. He was prevented from following up his victory by trouble in Africa, which he had to settle in person.

IN ACTUAL SPAIN

When he returned to Iberia in 1090, it was avowedly for the purpose of deposing the Muslim princes, and annexing their states. He had in his favour the mass of the inhabitants, whom had been worn out by the oppressive taxation imposed by their spend-thrift rulers. Their religious teachers, as well as others in the east, (most notably, al-Ghazali in Persia and al-Tartushi in Egypt, who was himself an Iberian by birth, from Tortosa), detested the native Muslim princes for their religious indifference, and gave Yusuf a fatwa -- or legal opinion -- to the effect that he had good moral and religious right, to dethrone the rulers, whom he saw as heterodox and who did not scruple to seek help from the Christians, whose habits he claimed they had adopted. By 1094, he had removed them all, except for the one at Zaragoza; and though he regained little from the Christians except Valencia, he re-united the Muslim power, and gave a check to the reconquest of the country by the Christians.

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MOROCCO BETWEEN 1554 - 1659

***Saadi Dynasty***

The Saadi Dynasty of Morocco, (Arabic: سعديون) (in English also Saadite or Saadian, original name Bani Zaydan), began with the reign of Sultan Mohammed ash-Sheikh in 1554. From 1509 to 1554 they had ruled only in the south of Morocco. The Saadian rule ended in 1659 with the end of the reign of Sultan Ahmad el Abbas. The Saadī family claimed descent from Muhammad through the line of Ali ibn Abi Talib and Fatima Zahra (Muhammad's daughter). The Saadi came from Tagmadert in the valley of the Draa River. The family's village of origin in the Draa was Tidzi (a qsar, some 10 km north of Zagora) [1]. They claimed sharifian origins through an ancestor from Yanbu and rendered Sufism respectable in Morocco. The name Saadi or Saadian was given to the Bani Zaydan (shurafa of Tagmadert) by later generations and rivals for power, who tried to deny their Hassanid descent by claiming that they came from the family of Halimah Saadiyya, Muhammad's wet nurse.[2] The most famous sultan of the Saadi was Ahmad al-Mansur (1578–1603), builder of the El Badi Palace in Marrakech and contemporary of Elizabeth I. One of their most important achievements was ousting the Portuguese from Morocco and defending the country against the Ottomans. Before they conquered Marrakech, they had Taroudant as their capital city.
The Saadian Tombs were rediscovered in 1917 and can be seen in Marrakech

POLISARIO WILL NEVER STOP LIEING !

2008-05-05T12:04:00.000-07:00

Watch Out Some Algerians Says in some Blogs that they are Americans:

I will Start by pointing out a big lie, in some blogs, made by Algerians or some separatists Moroccans, living in Southen Algeria Camps, The whole world shall know this : Algeria supports most of terror groups in Africa against Mali, Morocco, and central africa, ivory cost, Algeria uses those illiterate people to achieve their own unrealistic targets, they were trying by all their forces to still this territory from morocco, since 1975 when Spain signed a treaty with morocco, giving him back his legitimacy belonging territory.

Algeria in 1975 was an active Communist country and pro soviet union; they used this period to call all the Mauritanians and some people from black Africa to constitute an army to destabilize Moroccan security, because morocco is an old ally of USA since 1777(Morocco was the first country who recognize United state of America as an independent country);

Morocco in 1777 (signed the oldest treaty of friendship and trade with USA) the US representative wrote and explained that the Emperor of the moors(moroccan), reference to the big territory starting from the actual city of Tangier to the actual border of Senegal, that means USA know the truth, it’s simply for that they supports the international legality, when Morocco Claims his sovereignty on his southern territory.

NOW :

Polisario a group of Moroccan insurgent living in south Algeria, and supported by The Algerian government, as many other terror groups living in The Algerian territory!, they claims the right of self determination, but the issue is that the most important number of this region inhabitants 80% of them don’t want Algeria to annex this Moroccan desertical territory, (they agreed to be Moroccan since thounsend of years), like their grand grand fathers did, another important data, the Moroccan king is original from that region.

The United Nations Claimed that the Algerian Plan of dividing Morocco (the unique country who fight really against terrorist and prevent and aborts all the terror plans going to be executed in Europe) failed by asking the insurgent to be more realistic, and accepts a special status under Moroccan sovereignty.

United Nations advised the insurgent to be realistic in the UN resolution number 1813, Mr Van Walsum said in a special report that all this complications comes from Algeria, because they have internal problems ( Algeria hide the truth by seeing that they fight against terror, in reality they fight against Separatists Kabylians, a non Arab ethnic group living in Algeria They constitute 40% of 35 million inhabitant)

Now The Moroccan insurgent living in Algeria, are living the last moment of this big lie, which’s all the free world highlighted, and don’t want to continue playing the game, except some interested countries in the Algerian Oil.

I ask all this Blogers to be aware of lots of these groups who tries to get support from free countries, they ask the other countries for freedom, and they practice the worst slavery on their own people,
Hope that all the reader understands and makes researches about this subject, to have the truth, it’s only Morocco have to claim his rights on his territory, Morocco is not supported by Russia like Algeria.